Epidemics, Slavery, Massacres, and Indigenous Resistance 1492-1599

1539

Spain wages war against southeastern Native peoples

Engraving of Hernando De Soto. Image: John Sartain
Engraving of Hernando De Soto. Image: John Sartain

The Spanish launch a four-year military campaign under de Soto to secure slaves and maraud gold from large Native settlements, ranging across what is now peninsular Florida to northern Arkansas and eastern Texas. De Soto’s army cuts a path of destruction from Florida to Texas, seizing Timucua slaves, plundering food, and looting burial sites (Nies, 1996).

Traumatic Event